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What Type Of Cat Litter Should You Use
There are so many different types and brands of cat litter available it is difficult for owners to choose what is the best for their cat. Cats are very clean animals and very particular about their litter tray and what litter they prefer. It is important to get it right to reduce the risk of toileting problems. Most cat litters fall into three categories: clay-based, silica-based and biodegradable.
Clay Cat Litter
Clay cat litter is good at absorbing cat urine. As it becomes more and more soiled it can no longer absorb the liquid so it can create an odour. Sometimes baking soda and charcoal is added to help with this (1). This form of cat litter needs to be cleaned and changed often and it does not form clumps that are easily removable. Cleaning must be thorough and at least once a day (1,4). Some clay litters are made from bentonite which does allow for some clumping (4). This means little clumps of soiled litter are formed when your cat uses their tray and these can be easily removed and help keep it clean. Clay, however, is also not environmentally friendly and is heavy to carry (2).
Silica Cat Litter
This is made up of silica crystals made from silica gel and is very absorbent and helps to trap odours (1). It is similar to the silica desiccant packets used to protect products from moisture. They are less dusty than other types of litter but some cat owners worry about the possibility of harm if their cat ingests any of it accidentally as it can be toxic (but normally only in very large amounts.) It is usually less expensive than other litters and lighter weight (2.)
Biodegradable Litters
There are many different biodegradable litters available that cat owners prefer due to their safety and eco-friendly nature (1.) Some are made from recycled paper, and plant materials e.g. corn, wheat, and wood pellets. Pine litter is popular as it is lightweight and has good odour trapping capabilities (2,4.) Wheat litter is similar to pine litter and has some clumping ability and can be scooped out to clean the soiled areas of the litter tray (2.) Grass litter is not as commonly available. It also can clump and it’s low dust and lighter than clay litter (2.) The corn litter is similar to grass and pine and does clump and is lightweight. There have been concerns about mould growth and aflatoxins being present (2,4.) Paper litter is commonly purchased for cats who have paw injuries as it is soft and dust-free and has less risk of worsening soreness and infection (2.) However, it does not clump or control smells very well so needs frequent changing.
How Do You Choose Your Cat Litter?
It is best to choose the cat litter that your cat has been familiar with using as a kitten (3.) If getting your cat from a breeder or a shelter check what they use and get the same or as close to as you can. If you would like to change them on to a different brand/type do so gradually and mix in small amounts over a few weeks to facilitate the change-over so they have time to get used to it. Other factors to consider are:
-Cost
-Weight
-Dust
-Clumping or non-clumping
-Scented or unscented
-Biodegradable and eco-friendly
-How many cats you have and how many trays
-If your cat has any health or mobility issues that affect its ability to use the litter tray
How Much Litter Should You Use and How Often Should You Clean It?
Most manufacturers recommend filling the tray 5 cm/2 inches in depth. You may find you need more or less depending on what your cat likes to do in the tray. Some cats like to dig quite a lot when toileting. For daily maintenance, try to clear the soiled litter clumps as often as your cat goes if you can, or at least twice a day. With non-clumping litter, the entire tray and its contents should be refilled daily (3.) Ensure the tray is cleaned once a week with a mild detergent or mild soap and warm water. Never use chemicals such as phenols or chloroxylenol which are toxic to cats (3). Litter liners are not recommended as these can leak and tear. Also, be aware if your cat is very enthusiastic at digging and covering, and you will need a dustpan and brush or a handheld vacuum to clear up the scattered litter on the floor.
How Many Litter Trays Do I Need?
Depends on how many cats you have and the size of your house. The general rule is one tray per cat plus an extra, if this is feasible. Some cats do not like sharing litter trays with other cats in the same household. Aim to place your trays in secure, quiet locations away from busy frequented areas to give your cat safety and privacy.
How Big Should The litter Tray Be?
Again this depends on your cat (2). Large breeds like Ragdolls and Maine Coons will need a large litter tray so they have enough room to turn around and comfortably change position. For kittens, smaller trays are acceptable until they grow and they will need bigger trays depending on their size. For kittens, it is important to keep an eye on them when they use their trays as they could take an interest in chewing and swallowing the litter. Clumping liters and silica gel litters can be harmful if ingested so it may be better to use a plant-based litter if this is a problem(3).
Summary
It is best to consider all the options discussed here and decide on what suits your cat best based on their litter tray habits and the information provided by the breeder/shelter. Keep in mind though that even though you may want to change the litter to one that suits your budget and lifestyle your cat may decide they are not keen. You will need to find a compromise. It is important to check the litter manufacturer information and contents guidance so you know exactly what is in the product and if your cat accidentally ingests any of the contents contact your vet for advice straight away.